Impact of Terrorist Attacks on Males from Muslim Countries :: Terrorism

Impact of Terrorist Attacks on Males from Muslim Countries The terrorism round on the United States of America on September 11, 2001 has not however greatly alter American citizens, but it has also made a huge impact on the lives of people in Muslim countries such as Indonesia, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Hence, because I am an international student from Indonesia, the attack has greatly affected my life in the United States of America. Since the terrorist attack, the American government has created a number of regulations that have to be followed just now by the male citizens of Muslim countries who are currently staying in the United States. Every male has to report to the Immigration and Naturalization Service to be interviewed, and only if he passes the interview go away he be able to continue living in the United States. However, in the event that he fails the interview, he will be immediately deported back to his own country. The government did not show any mercy even for those who have already built stable lives with their families here in America. The governments act of eliminating any potential threat to the United States may seem patriotic and glorious in the eyes of some(prenominal) Americans. However, Americans also have to be reminded of the civil rights movement that successfully ended racially discriminatory laws and practices against African Americans and other minorities. The governments act of disparity against individuals from Muslim countries is simply not right. The government does not have the right to judge an individual by his or her nationality, race, or religion. Even though the terrorist attack on America may have been carried out by Osama Bin Laden, a Muslim leader from Afghanistan, the American government should not perceive both single citizen from Muslim countries to be a threat to this country.

The Model Theory Of Dedekind Algebras :: Algebra Mathematics Essays

The Model Theory Of Dedekind AlgebrasABSTRACT A Dedekind algebra is an sighted pair (B, h) where B is a non-empty set and h is a analogy break on B. Among the Dedekind algebras is the sequence of positive integers. separately Dedekind algebra can be decomposed into a family of disjointed, countable subalgebras which ar called the configurations of the algebra. There are many isomorphic types of configurations. Each Dedekind algebra is associated with a cardinal value function called the confirmation signature which counts the number of configurations in each isomorphism type occurring in the decomposition of the algebra. Two Dedekind algebras are isomorphic if their configuration signatures are identical. I introduce conditions on configuration signatures that are sufficient for characterizing Dedekind algebras uniquely up to isomorphisms in second order logic. I show Dedekinds characterization of the sequence of positive integers to be a consequence of these more general result s, and use configuration signatures to delineate homogeneous, universal and homogeneous-universal Dedekind algebras. These delineations establish non-homogeneous results about these classes of Dedekind algebras including existence and uniqueness. 1. INTRODUCTIONOne of the more striking accomplishments of foundational studies prior to 1930 was the characterization of various mathematical systems uniquely up to isomorphism (see Corcoran 1980). Among the first systems to fill such a characterization is the sequence of the positive integers. Both Dedekind and Peano provided characterizations of this system in the late 1880s. Dedekinds characterization commenced by considering B, a non-empty set, and h, a similar transformation on B (i.e. an injective unary function on B). In deference to Dedekind, the ordered pair B = (B,h) is called a Dedekind algebra. While the study of Dedekind algebras can of course be viewed as a continuation of Dedekinds work, the focus here is different. Rathe r than probe whether a particular Dedekind algebra (the sequence of the positive integers) is characterizable, we proceed by investigating conditions on Dedekind algebras which imply that they are characterizable. In the following we review some of the results obtained in the model theory of Dedekind algebras and discuss some of their consequences. These results are stated without proofs. weaverbird 1997a and 1997b provide the details of these proofs. Attention is restricted here to the model theory of the second order theories of Dedekind algebras. Weaver 1998 focuses on the model theory of the first order theories of these algebras.2. CONFIGURATIONSGiven a Dedekind algebra B = (B,hB), AB is the transitive closure of hB.